Abstract:Alzheimer′s disease， the most common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly， is pathologically characterized by neuronal loss， neurofibrillary tangles， and accumulation of amyloid plaques. However，its pathogenesis has not yet been fully understood. The severely limited medications for Alzheimer′s disease cannot alter the disease progression to cure the patients and often exhibit significant side effects. Sea cucumber lipids， one of the main active substances in marine echinoderm sea cucumber， have been proven to possess a variety of biological activities and nutritional benefits. The ameliorative effects of these substances on neurodegenerative diseases have attracted considerable attention in recent years. This paper summarized the research related to the activity of sea cucumber lipids including phospholipids， cerebrosides， gangliosides， ceramides，and sterols in sea cucumber， and then expounded the research progress of these substances in ameliorating Alzheimer′s disease， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for using sea cucumber lipids to ameliorate Alzheimer′s disease and broaden the application range of them.