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投稿时间：2024-11-11
投稿时间：2024-11-11
中文摘要: 探讨以含有二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid，DHA）、二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic acid，EPA）、磷脂、胆碱和尿嘧啶核苷酸（uridine monophosphate，UMP）为主要原料制成的营养功能组合物（function composition，FC）对小鼠记忆力的影响。选取50只正常8月龄以上C57BL/6雄性小鼠，每组10只，随机分为空白组和FC低、中、正常、高剂量组，连续灌胃30 d后进行行为学实验，包括跳台行为学实验、避暗行为学实验、水迷宫行为学实验。同时通过靶向脂质组学和脂肪酸相关转运蛋白的测定，探讨其作用机制。行为学结果显示在跳台实验中，测试期各剂量组小鼠5 min错误次数显著低于空白组小鼠（p<0.05）；在避暗实验中，测试期除了低剂量组，其他剂量组5 min错误次数显著低于空白组小鼠（p<0.05）；在水迷宫实验中的记忆获得期，除了低剂量组，其他剂量组的小鼠总错误次数显著低于空白组（p<0.05），同时2 min到达终点百分率，只有正常剂量组显著高于空白组及其他剂量组（p<0.05）。目前研究已表明，DHA主要以未酯化-DHA或溶血型磷脂酰胆碱-DHA（lysophosphatidylcholine-DHA，LPC-DHA）的形式穿过血脑屏障进入大脑。未酯化-DHA通过血脑屏障主要取决于多种脂肪酸转运蛋白，如脂肪酸结合蛋白（fatty acidbinding protein，FABP）、脂肪酸转运蛋白（fatty acid transporter protein，FATP）等，而LPC-DHA穿过血脑屏障需要一种特定的转运蛋白，即主要协同转运蛋白超家族结构域蛋白2A（major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 2A，MFSD2A），通过与该蛋白的结合穿过血脑屏障的顶膜。靶向脂质组学和脂肪酸相关转运蛋白的测定实验结果发现，FC的摄入提高大脑中DHA含量，尤其是溶血型磷脂酰胆碱（lysophosphatidylcholine，LPC）型的DHA含量。同时，FC组在小鼠大脑中的MFSD2A蛋白表达上调，并且大脑皮层和海马体中的FABP5和FATP1表达增加。此外，靶向脂质组学数据结果表明，FC组的摄入能提高大脑中脂肪酸转运蛋白MFSD2A、FATP1和FABP5的表达，从而增加大脑对DHA的吸收，提高小鼠的学习和记忆能力。
Abstract:To explore the effects of a function composition（FC），with docosahexaenoic acid（DHA），eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA），phospholipid，choline，and uridine monophosphate（UMP）as the main ingredients on memory in mice，this study selected 50 normal male C57BL/6 mice aged over 8 months.The mice were randomly divided into a control group，as well as high-dose，medium-dose，normal，and low-dose FC groups，with 10 mice in each group.Behavioral experiments were performed after daily gavage for 30 days，including a step-down behavioral experiment，a passive avoidance behavioral experiment，and a water maze behavioral experiment.At the same time，the mechanism of action was explored through targeted lipidomics and the determination of fatty acid-related transport proteins.The behavioral experiments showed that the least number of errors in 5 min of different FC groups were less than that of the control group in testing period of step-down（p<0.05），and that of different FC groups beside low-dose FC group was less than that of the control group in passive avoidance experiment（p<0.05）.The results of the water maze experiment demonstrated that the number of errors of FC groups，except for the low-dose FC group，was less than that of the control group in the memory acquisition period（p<0.05）.The percentage of animals reaching the end point within 2 min in the normal FC group was superior to the control group and other FC groups（p<0.05）.Previous research reported that DHA crossed the blood-brain barrier mainly in the form of free DHA and lysophosphatidylcholine-DHA（LPCDHA）.The passage of free DHA through the blood-brain barrier mainly depended on a variety of fatty acid transporters，such as fatty acid-binding proteins（FABPs）and fatty acid transporter proteins（FATPs）.A specific transporter，major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 2A（MFSD2A）was required by LPCDHA via binding to cross the blood-brain barrier.The experimental results of targeted lipidomics and the determination of fatty acid-related transport proteins revealed that the intake of FC increased the content of DHA in the brain，especially the LPC type of DHA.Moreover，MFSD2A protein expression was upregulated in mice brains in the FC group，and FABP5 and FATP1 expressions were increased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.Furthermore，data from targeted lipidomics showed that the intake in the FC group can enhance the expression of fatty acid-related transport proteins MFSD2A，FATP1 and FABP5 in the brain，thereby increasing the brain's absorption of DHA and improving the learning and memory abilities of mice.
文章编号：202519011 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:
| Author Name | Affiliation |
| LIU Ruonan | 1.School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China； |
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