Abstract:Nanostructured lipid carriers（NLC）are a new-generation delivery system based on solid lipid nanoparticles，offering advantages such as high loading capacity，targeted release，and strong stability. They are widely used in pharmaceutical，cosmetic，and food industries. NLC were introduced in terms of the structural types，common preparation methods，key operational points，and applicable scenarios. Particularly，the research progress in natural lipids and surfactants was reviewed. The characterization techniques and applications of NLC were outlined，with a view to providing references for the substitution of natural raw materials，optimization of industrial preparation technologies，intelligent formulation design，and safety evaluation of NLC.