食品研究与开发:2025,46(14):15-21
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辣椒粕蛋白分级提取、氨基酸分析及结构性质表征
(1. 郑州科技学院 食品科学与工程学院,河南 郑州 450000;2. 河南工业大学 粮油食品学院,河南 郑州 450000;3. 中原食品实验室,河南 漯河 462000;4. 中国农业大学 营养与健康系,北京 100083;5. 河南省农业科学院 农产品加工研究中心,河南 郑州 450000)
Sequential Extraction,Amino Acid Analysis,and Structural Property Characterization of Chili Meal Proteins
(1. School of Food Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China;2. College of Grain,Oil and Food,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China;3. Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan,Luohe 462000,Henan,China;4. Department of Nutrition and Health,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;5. Agricultural Products Processing Center,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)
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投稿时间:2024-05-15    
中文摘要: 辣椒粕资源利用率低,为提高其综合利用价值,分级提取辣椒粕中的清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白,比较4 种组分蛋白的氨基酸组成及结构性质。结果表明:每100 g 辣椒粕中清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白提取量分别为13.45、1.67、0.20 g 和3.33 g,其中清蛋白是辣椒粕蛋白的主要成分;4 种组分蛋白的分子量较低(14~40 kDa),清蛋白有3 条明显亚基条带(40、35 kDa 和18 kDa);氨基酸分析结果显示,清蛋白氨基酸组成较合理,除蛋氨酸外,其余必需氨基酸均满足联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织推荐值;4 种组分蛋白中谷蛋白的热变性温度最高(95.5 ℃),具有较好的热稳定性;4 种组分蛋白的二级结构以β-折叠和β-逆折叠为主;清蛋白的 Zeta 电位绝对值最高,并表现出较优的乳化性质和起泡性质。
中文关键词: 辣椒粕  组分蛋白  氨基酸  结构  性质
Abstract:The resource utilization rate of chili meal is low. To improve the comprehensive utilization value of chili meal,albumin,globulin,prolamin,and glutelin were extracted using fractionation,and the amino acid composition and structural properties of the four component proteins were evaluated. The results showed that the extraction amounts of albumin,globulin,prolamin,and glutelin from every 100 g of chili meal were 13.45 g,1.67 g,0.20 g,and 3.33 g,respectively,among which albumin was identified as the main component of chili meal proteins. The molecular weights of the four component proteins were relatively low (14-40 kDa),and albumin exhibited three distinct subunit bands (40 kDa,35 kDa,and 18 kDa). Amino acid analysis showed that albumin had a relatively balanced amino acid profile,with all essential amino acids meeting the recommended values by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization,except methionine. Among the four component proteins,glutelin exhibited the highest heat denaturation temperature(95.5 ℃),indicating superior thermal stability. Secondary structure analysis revealed that β-sheet and β-turn structures predominated in all four component proteins. Albumin had the highest absolute value of Zeta potential and exhibited superior emulsifying and foaming properties.
文章编号:202514003     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:河南省科技攻关项目(242102111064)
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