食品研究与开发:2025,46(12):82-88
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鸽血营养成分分析及价值评价
(1.仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,广东广州 510225;2.梅州市金绿现代农业发展有限公司,广东梅州 514500)
Nutrient Content and Value of Pigeon Blood
(1.College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,Guangdong,China;2.Meizhou Golden Green Modern Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Meizhou 514500,Guangdong,China)
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中文摘要: :为探究不同品种的肉鸽血液中营养成分的差异,选取白羽王鸽、银羽王鸽、泰森鸽、红卡奴鸽、石岐鸽的血液为研究对象,比较分析其在蛋白质、水分、灰分、脂肪、氨基酸、矿物质以及亚基条带方面的差异。结果表明:5 个品种鸽血的粗蛋白含量从大到小排列顺序为红卡奴鸽>白羽王鸽>银羽王鸽>泰森鸽>石岐鸽,但差异不显著(P>0.05);水分、粗脂肪和灰分含量差异不显著,说明不同品种鸽血的基本营养成分差异不大。与鸡血和鸭血比较分析表明,鸽血矿物质元素中微量元素Fe 的含量约为鸡血的两倍,与鸭血接近,可作为铁类营养补充剂的良好来源。5 个品种的鸽血中Cu 与Zn 含量的比值(Cu/Zn)仅为0.02~0.03,低于鸡血和鸭血的Cu/Zn,可作为改善肿瘤、白血病等相关疾病的原料。3 种禽类血液均含有人体所需的17 种氨基酸,是优质的蛋白质资源,其中鸽血的抗氧化氨基酸和疏水性氨基酸分别约占总氨基酸含量的33.49% 和31.69%,且与鸡、鸭血相比,鸽血的粗蛋白含量分别约为鸡血和鸭血的1.62 倍和2.82 倍,说明鸽血具有潜在的抗氧化功效,具有较高的营养价值和开发利用前景。
中文关键词: 肉鸽血液  品种  营养成分  氨基酸  矿物质
Abstract:The content of nutrients in the blood from different breeds of meat pigeons was compared. Blood samples were collected from White King pigeons,Silver King pigeons,Texan pigeons,Red Carneau pigeons,and Shiqi pigeons,and they were compared in terms of proteins,moisture,ash,crude fat,amino acids,miner‐als,and protein subunit bands. The results showed that the protein content of the five pigeon breeds was in a descending order of Red Carneau pigeons>White King pigeons>Silver King pigeons>Texan pigeons>Shiqi pi‐geons(P>0.05). The content of moisture,ash,and crude fat showed no significant differences among different breeds,which indicated that the basic nutrients in the blood samples did not vary significantly among different pigeon breeds. The content of the trace element iron in pigeon blood was about twice of that in chicken blood and close to that in duck blood,suggesting the use of pigeon blood as a source of iron supplements.The content of Cu/Zn ratio of pigeon blood was only 0.02-0.03,lower than that of chicken blood and duck blood,which manifested the use of pigeon blood as a raw material to ameliorate the related diseases such as tumors and leu‐kemia.All the three kinds of poultry blood contained 17 essential amino acids required by the human body,serv‐ing as high‐quality protein resources. The antioxidant amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids in pigeon blood accounted for 33.49% and 31.69% of the total amino acid content,respectively,and the crude protein content in pigeon blood was about 1.62 and 2.82 times of that in chicken blood and duck blood,respectively,which demonstrated the antioxidant potential of pigeon blood. All these findings indicated that pigeon blood had potential antioxidant effect,a high nutritional value,and broad development and utilization prospects.
文章编号:202512011     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:梅州市科技计划项目(2023A0304001);2024 年度广东省重点建设学科科研能力提升项目(2024ZDJS005);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202080002);2023 年度广东省本科教学质量与教学改革工程项目“科产教融合实践教学基地”(KA25YY098)
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