Abstract:To establish a separation and purification process for capsicum alkaloids and capsicum pigments and explore the insecticidal and preservative effects of capsicum alkaloids，this article used different resins to purify capsicum alkaloids and capsicum pigments，respectively，after investigating the adsorption and desorption effects of macroporous adsorption resins，and optimized the process parameters. Insecticidal and fruit preservation experiments were conducted to study the effects of capsicum alkaloids. The results indicated that the sequential use of ME-1 resin for the separation and purification of capsicum alkaloids followed by polyamide resin for the purification of capsicum pigments allowed for the simultaneous acquisition of two major active components from capsicum. The purified capsicum alkaloid content reached 82.796 mg/g，while the color value of the capsicum pigment was 603，representing a 61-fold and 7-fold increase compared to the crude capsicum extract，respectively. The insecticidal tests indicated that the insecticidal effects of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were comparable to those of positive drugs. When the concentration of these two compounds reached 1.0 mg/mL，the insecticidal rate reached 100%；and when the concentration of the purified capsicum alkaloids reached 2.0 mg/mL，the insecticidal rate can reach over 80%. In the fruit preservation tests，when capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were used at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL and the purified capsicum alkaloid product was at 6.0 mg/mL，the shelf life of the fruit was extended by 3 d to 7 d. The changes in weight loss rate，soluble solids，and VC content were lower than those observed in the control group and were similar to the changes in fruit stored at 4 ℃. In summary，capsicum alkaloids and capsicum pigments can be separated and purified simultaneously by two types of resins，and capsicum alkaloids demonstrate excellent insecticidal and fruit preservation effects.