食品研究与开发:2025,46(10):108-114
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林芝地区橙盖鹅膏菌营养成分分析及评价
(西藏农牧学院,西藏 林芝 860000)
Nutrient Composition Analysis and Evaluation of Amanita caesarea from Nyingchi,Xizang
(Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,Xizang,China)
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投稿时间:2024-01-04    
中文摘要: 该文以西藏林芝地区比日神山以及八一镇觉木村的橙盖鹅膏菌为研究对象,分析其6 种主要营养成分含量、核黄素含量、18 种氨基酸含量以及9 种矿物质元素含量。结果表明:两种样品水分含量分别为90.41% 和89.67%;粗蛋白含量分别为20.01% 和19.02%;总糖含量分别是4.32% 和3.60%;粗纤维含量分别为16.41% 和16.42%;粗脂肪含量分别为12.65%和11.54%;灰分含量分别为7.74%和7.27%;核黄素含量高达4.55%和2.45%;两种样品的必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量(essential amino acids / total amino acids,E/T)的36.07%、34.62%,必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量的百分比(essential amino acids / non essential amino acids,E/N)为56.41%、52.95%,两种样品药用氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比为53.01%、50.57%,鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比分别为36.38%、35.93%,皆是良好的鲜味来源。根据氨基酸评分(amino acid score,AAS)和化学评分(chemical score,CS),其第一限制氨基酸为亮氨酸、第二限制氨基酸是缬氨酸,可作为良好可用蛋白源;两种样品均含有丰富的矿物质,其中常量元素K 含量最高,Ca 和Na 次之;微量元素中Fe 含量最高,同时含有丰富的Mn、Zn 和Se 元素,Se 元素含量达到3.3 mg/kg。
Abstract:Amanita caesarea samples were collected from Biri Mountain and Juemu Village in Bayi Town,Nyingchi. The content of 6 main nutrients,riboflavin,18 amino acids,and 9 mineral elements was determined.The results showed that the samples from Biri Mountain and Juemu Village had the moisture content of 90.41%and 89.67%,crude protein content of 20.01% and 19.02%,total sugar content of 4.32% and 3.60%,crude fiber content of 16.41% and 16.42%,crude fat content of 12.65% and 11.54%,ash content of 7.74% and 7.27%,and riboflavin content of 4.55% and 2.45%,respectively. In addition,the samples from Biri Mountain and Juemu Village had the proportions of essential amino acids in total amino acids being 36.07% and 34.62%,the ratios of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids being 56.41% and 52.95%,the ratios of medicinal amino acids to total amino acids being 53.01% and 50.57%,and the ratios of umami amino acids to total amino acids being 36.38% and 35.93% respectively. The result indicated that A. caesarea was a good source of umami flavor. According to the amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS),the first and second limiting amino acids were leucine and valine,respectively,which suggested that A. caesarea served as a good and usable protein source. A. caesarea contained abundant minerals,with the constant element K having the highest content,followed by Ca and Na. Fe had the highest content among trace elements,and A. caesarea contained abundant Mn,Zn,and Se,with the Se content reaching 3.3 mg/kg.
文章编号:202510014     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:西藏农牧学院学科建设项目(533323001)
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