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投稿时间：2023-10-13
投稿时间：2023-10-13
中文摘要: 该文采用热水浸提醇沉法对新鲜芦荟叶不同部位（凝胶、全叶、叶皮）中的多糖进行提取，并测定各部位粗多糖的多糖含量、蛋白质含量、乙酰基含量和糖醛酸含量，应用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮（1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone，PMP）柱前衍生超高效液相色谱（ultra performance liquid chromatography，UPLC）法测定各部位多糖的单糖组成，最后通过清除DPPH 自由基的能力评价多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明，芦荟凝胶粗多糖的多糖含量为80.00%，全叶粗多糖为73.41%，叶皮粗多糖为46.84%；凝胶粗多糖乙酰基含量为8.28%，全叶粗多糖为4.50%，叶皮粗多糖为5.80%；凝胶粗多糖糖醛酸含量为3.68%，全叶粗多糖为14.96%，叶皮粗多糖为39.91%；凝胶粗多糖的单糖组成及其物质的量比为甘露糖∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖=92.68∶3.75∶3.57，全叶粗多糖的单糖组成及物质的量比为甘露糖∶鼠李糖∶葡萄糖醛酸∶半乳糖醛酸∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖∶阿拉伯糖=33.74∶3.78∶2.00∶19.26∶5.81∶24.01∶11.40，叶皮粗多糖的单糖组成及其物质的量比为甘露糖∶鼠李糖∶葡萄糖醛酸∶半乳糖醛酸∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖∶木糖∶阿拉伯糖=32.35∶4.03∶1.34∶13.70∶9.39∶11.30∶14.83∶13.06；芦荟全叶粗多糖的DPPH 自由基清除能力最强，在2.50 mg/mL 时全叶粗多糖的DPPH自由基清除能力为70.85%，叶皮粗多糖的DPPH 自由基清除能力为48.14%，凝胶粗多糖的DPPH 自由基清除能力为23.39%。综上，新鲜芦荟全叶粗多糖的多糖得率、抗氧化活性等明显优于凝胶和叶皮粗多糖，可优选作为制备芦荟多糖的原料。
Abstract:This study extracted polysaccharides from different parts of fresh Aloe vera leaves（gel，whole leaf and leaf skin） by the hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation method，and determined the polysaccharide，protein，acetyl，and glucuronic acid contents of crude polysaccharides from each part. The monosaccharide composition of these polysaccharides was determined by adopting 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone （PMP）pre-column derivatization ultra-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC），and finally the in vitro antioxidant activity of these polysaccharides was evaluated by the ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. The results show that the polysaccharide contents of Aloe vera gel crude polysaccharides，whole leaf crude polysaccharides，and leaf skin crude polysaccharides were 80.00%，73.41%，and 46.84%. The acetyl contents of gel crude polysaccharides，whole leaf crude polysaccharides，and leaf skin crude polysaccharides were 8.28%，4.50%，and 5.80%. The glucuronic acid contents of gel crude polysaccharides，whole leaf crude polysaccharides，and leaf skin crude polysaccharides were 3.68%，14.96%，and 39.91%. The monosaccharide composition and amount of substance ratio of gel crude polysaccharides were mannose∶glucose∶galactose=92.68∶3.75∶3.57，while those of whole leaf crude polysaccharides are mannose∶rhamnose∶glucuronic acid∶galacturonic acid∶glucose∶galactose∶arabinose=33.74∶3.78∶2.00∶19.26∶5.81∶24.01∶11.40. Additionally，the monosaccharide composition and amount of substance ratio of leaf skin crude polysaccharides are mannose∶rhamnose∶glucuronic acid∶galacturonic acid∶glucose∶galactose∶xylose∶arabinose=32.35∶4.03∶1.34∶13.70∶9.39∶11.30∶14.83∶13.06. Aloe vera whole leaf crude polysaccharides have the strongest ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. Specifically，under the concentration of 2.50 mg/mL，the DPPH· scavenging abilities of whole leaf crude polysaccharides，leaf skin crude polysaccharides，and gel crude polysaccharides are 70.85%，48.14%，and 23.39%. In summary，the yield and antioxidant activity in fresh Aloe vera are significantly better than those of gel and leaf skin crude polysaccharides，and therefore whole leaf crude polysaccharides can be preferably employed as raw materials for the preparation of Aloe vera polysaccharides.
keywords: Aloe vera gel crude polysaccharide whole leaf crude polysaccharide leaf skin crude polysaccharide antioxidant
文章编号：202510013 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目（2022-I2M-1-017）
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 孔心宇1，张文婷2，罗心遥3，于猛3 *，邹忠梅3 * | 1. 天津中医药大学,天津 301617；2. 温州医科大学 中医药学院,浙江 温州 325035；3. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院 药用植物研究所,北京 100193 |
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