Abstract:With the advancement of biotechnology，DNAzymes are rapidly advancing as gene therapy agents and biosensors. DNAzymes are small DNA molecules capable of efficiently cleaving complementary RNA.Among them，the 10-23 and 8-17 DNAzymes are the most representative，and DNAzymes with specific recognition can be designed according to different RNA substrates. This article provided a detailed introduction to the screening，structure，function，and applications of the 10-23 and 8-17 DNAzymes，with the aim of offering theoretical references and research directions for their further development and application in gene therapy and biosensing.