Abstract:In order to find out the differences of volatile aroma compounds in several main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko. The volatile aroma compounds of four main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko in Fugong County，Nujiang Prefecture were analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Combined with principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis，multivariate statistical analysis was carried out on the four main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko to screen the key volatile aroma components. The results showed that there were some differences in the types and relative contents of volatile aroma compounds in the four main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko. A total of 30 volatile aroma compounds were detected in the four main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko，25 were detected in the globular shape Amomum tsaoko，24 were detected in the spindle shape Amomum tsaoko，23 were detected in the elliptic shape Amomum tsaoko，and 26 were detected in the oval shape Amomum tsaoko. Among them，there were 18 common compounds，including trans-2-decenal，eucalyptol，citral，cis-citral，α-terpineol，etc.，and 12 non-common volatile compounds，including linalool，geraniol，trans-nerolidol，octanal，geranyl acetate，β-pinene，etc.Through multivariate statistical analysis，a total of 13 key volatile aroma compounds with variable importance for the projection value＞1 were selected from four main fruit shapes of Amomum tsaoko，including trans-2-decenal，geraniol，linalool，3-phenyl-2-butenal，α-terpineol，eucalyptol，α-methylcinnamaldehyde and other volatile aroma compounds.