Abstract:To optimize the extraction process of Sanghuangporus vaninii polysaccharides and evaluate their antilung cancer activity，polysaccharides were extracted using a hot-water reflux method. Key parameters were determined through single-factor and orthogonal experiments，and a particle swarm optimization-back propagation neural network （PSO-BPNN） model was constructed for process optimization. The anti-lung cancer mechanisms were explored through network pharmacology，molecular docking，and MTT assays. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were an extraction temperature of 82.5 ℃，an extraction time of 1.75 h，and a solidto-liquid ratio of 1∶25（g/mL），with a polysaccharide yield of 6.78%. Network pharmacology analysis identified 73 potential targets，with core targets including heat shock protein 90α isoform A1 （HSP90AA1），serine/threonine kinase 1 （AKT1），cellular sarcoma gene（SRC），and kinase insert domain receptor （KDR），mainly involving the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway （PI3K-Akt） and cancer-related pathways.Molecular docking showed that the binding energies between the core components and the targets were all lower than -20.92 kJ/mol. MTT assays confirmed that S. vaninii polysaccharides exerted a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on Lewis lung cancer cells，with an half maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.31 mg/mL.