Abstract:This study aimed to optimize the key extraction parameters of pigment from jujube residues generated during jujube processing，and to analyze the antioxidant activity and volatile components of the extracted pigment. Using color value as the response indicator，single-factor tests and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction process. The optimized pigment extract was then subjected to antioxidant activity assays and volatile component analysis. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were an extraction temperature of 60 ℃，an extraction time of 10 h，and a KOH concentration of 0.2 mol/L. Under these conditions，a three-stage extraction process yielded color values of 0.598，0.625，and 0.506 for each stage，with relative errors of 8.79%，4.73%，and 22.92%，respectively. Antioxidant activity assays demonstrated that the pigment possessed DPPH free radical，ABTS+ free radical，and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities in a concentration-dependent manner，with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.145 2，0.289 2，and 0.449 3 mg/mL. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-SPME-GC-MS） analysis identified 23 volatile components in the jujube pigment with a match degree greater than 50，including 12 ketones （74.27% relative content），2 alcohols，2 aldehydes，4 esters，1 alkenes，and 2 other compounds，with ketones being the predominant class.