Abstract:During freshwater fish processing，a large amount of by-products are often generated，including fish scales，bones，skin，and internal organs.If not reused，these by-products could lead to significant resource waste and potential environmental harm.However，freshwater fish by-products contain a considerable amount of protein，fish oil，bioactive peptides，and other active substances，which offer various health benefits.This paper reviewed the current status of the development and utilization of freshwater fish processing byproducts and looked ahead to their future prospects，aiming to provide a reference for further research and development in this area.