Abstract:The preservation technology of freshwater fish has always been a research hotspot in aquaculture.Biopreservatives， being safer and more environmentally friendly than conventional preservatives， are expected to replace chemical preservatives. However， many biopreservatives currently still have problems such as high production costs and less-than-ideal preservation effects， which urgently need to be further resolved. The research progress in biopreservatives for freshwater fish was reviewed and the principles and applications of polysaccharide， polyphenol， protein， and plant essential oil-based biopreservatives in the preservation of freshwater fish were detailed， providing theoretical references for the further development of freshwater fish preservation technologies.