Abstract:The effects of prebiotic walnut calcium on the bone mineral density and liver metabolism in the rat model of osteoporosis were investigated. Forty rats were randomly grouped as follows：model （MC），positive control （CA），and high-，medium-，and low-dose prebiotic walnut calcium（WCH，WCM，and WCL，respectively）. The nutrition intervention method was employed to establish the rat model of osteoporosis. After three months，bone-related parameters and liver metabolomics were analyzed. The results showed that compared with the MC group，the CA and WCH groups showed increases in serum calcium content，bone strength，bone calcium content，and bone mineral density （P＜0.05），and the increases in the WCH group were higher than those in the CA group. Compared with the MC group，the WCH and CA groups involved 145 and 144 differential metabolites，respectively，at the liver metabolism level，among which 38 common metabolites showed the same upregulation and down-regulation trends. There were 107 differential metabolites between the WCH group and the CA group，which suggested that prebiotic walnut calcium and calcium carbonate had different effects on liver metabolism. Most of the differential metabolites between MC，WCH，and CA groups were concentrated in purine，energy，and neurorelated metabolic pathways，FoxO signaling pathway，synthesis，secretion，and action of parathyroid hormone，addiction metabolism，and protein digestion and absorption. The product contained organic calcium，walnut protein，and prebiotics，which acted together on relevant metabolic pathways to regulate liver metabolism. It helped to promote calcium absorption，increase femur bone strength，and ameliorate osteoporosis.