Abstract:Due to the rapid development of modern industrialization，rivers，oceans，plants，and the atmosphere have been subjected to varying degrees of heavy metal pollution.Heavy metal ions are easily soluble in water and are highly toxic and carcinogenic.They can cause serious harm to the human body through the environment and food，such as organ diseases and genetic toxicity.Therefore，real-time monitoring of heavy metal ions is essential.Traditional detection methods involve cumbersome pretreatment processes，expensive instruments and equipment，and time-consuming procedures，which cannot meet the requirements of rapid detection.Fluorescent sensors，as a new detection method in recent years，have attracted extensive attention owing to their high sensitivity，selectivity，strong detection performance，low cost，portability，and ability for visual and rapid detection.This paper reviewed the current application of ratiometric fluorescent probes in the visual and rapid detection of heavy metal ions in recent years and discussed the challenges and prospects of this method to provide references for the detection of heavy metal ions.