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投稿时间：2022-06-02
投稿时间：2022-06-02
中文摘要: 为研究微藻对卤虫的生长性能和营养价值的影响，挖掘卤虫作为原料开发海洋食品的潜力，以中肋骨条藻、三角褐指藻、球等鞭金藻、亚心形扁藻、威氏海链藻、小球藻6 种微藻投喂卤虫14 d，测定其体长、生物量、基本营养成分、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成，并进行营养评价。结果表明，投喂不同微藻对卤虫生长性能影响显著，其中小球藻效果最优，体长和生物量分别为3.10 cm 和0.98 g，特定生长率为10.95%，显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；投喂不同微藻对卤虫营养成分影响显著，不同微藻组卤虫的粗蛋白含量为39.63%～56.45%，粗脂肪含量为7.04%～10.26%，氨基酸总量为22.58%～44.10%，其中小球藻组粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸含量最高，显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；不同微藻组氨基酸评分为66.50～99.77，其中小球藻卤虫含有8 种必需氨基酸，以氨基酸分和化学分为标准，第一限制性氨基酸皆为半胱氨酸＋蛋氨酸，必需氨基酸占总氨基酸总量的40.27%，氨基酸组成均衡，氨基酸平均分较高，为99.77，符合粮农组织/世界卫生组织推荐的理想蛋白质模式；不同微藻对卤虫脂肪酸组成的影响显著，其中威氏海链藻组二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic acid，EPA）含量最高，为15.28%，亚心形扁藻组多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高，为38.77%，小球藻组单多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高，为41.24%；不同微藻组血栓形成指数为0.26～0.56，其中亚心形扁藻组最低，为0.26，脂肪酸不饱和程度高。综上，经小球藻营养强化的卤虫生长性能和营养价值有显著提升，蛋白质含量丰富，氨基酸组成合理，EPA、多不饱和脂肪酸含量较高。
Abstract:The effects of microalgae on the growth performance and nutritional value of Artemia were studied and the potential of Artemia as raw material to develop marine food was explored. Six species of microalgae were used to feed Artemia for 14 days，including Skeletonema costatum，Phaeodactylum tricornutum，Isochrysis galbana，Platymonas subcordiformis，Thalassium westermani，and Chlorella vulgaris. The body length，biomass，basic nutritional components，amino acid composition，and fatty acid composition of Artemia were measured，and their nutrition value was evaluated. The results showed that different microalgae had significant effects on the growth performance of Artemia. C. vulgaris demonstrated the strongest effect，and the body length and biomass of Artemia in this group were 3.1 cm and 0.98 g，respectively. Moreover，the specific growth rate of Artemia in this group was 10.95%，which was higher than that of the control group（P＜0.05）. The crude protein content，crude fat content，and amino acid content of Artemiafed with different microalgae was 39.63%-56.45%，7.04%-10.26%，and 22.58%-44.10%，respectively. The C. vulgaris group had the highest crude protein，crude fat，and amino acid content，which were higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）. The amino acid score varied from 66.50 to 99.77 in different groups. With amino acid score（AAS）and chemical score（CS）as the standard，the first limiting amino acid of Artemia in the C. vulgaris group was cysteine ＋methionine. The Artemia fed with C. vulgaris contained eight essential amino acids，which accounted for 40.27% of the total amino acids，in line with the ideal protein model recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization（FAO/WHO）.Different microalgae had significant effects on the fatty acid composition of Artemia. The T. westermani group，P. subcordiformis group，and C. vulgaris group had the highest content of eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA，15.28%），polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA，38.77%），and monounsaturated fatty acid （MUFA，41.24%），respectively.The index of thrombopoiesis ranged from 0.26 to 0.56，being the lowest （0.26）in the P. subcordiformis group which showed a high degree of fatty acid unsaturation. The Artemia fed with C. vulgaris demonstrated improved growth performance，nutritional value，protein content，amino acid composition，and EPA and PUFA content.
文章编号：202318009 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:山东省现代农业虾蟹产业技术体系加工与质量安全岗位（SDAIT-13-07）
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 姜晓东1，2，李红艳1，2，王颖1，2*，吴松波3，纪蕾1，2，刘天红1，2，孙元芹1，2，李晓1，2 | 1.山东省海洋科学研究院，山东 青岛 266104；2. 青岛市水产品质评价工程研究中心，山东 青岛 266104；3.无棣县海洋渔业发展研究中心，山东 滨州 256600 |
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