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投稿时间：2021-01-26
投稿时间：2021-01-26
中文摘要: 为研究超高压（ultra-high pressure，UHP）处理对太平洋牡蛎（Crassostrea gigas）肠道菌群的影响，该研究通过16S rRNA测序的方法，分析100、200、400 MPa超高压处理5 min后牡蛎肠道菌群结构的变化。鲜活牡蛎肠道菌群主要以弧菌属（Vibrio）、支原体属（Mycoplasma）、葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）、Roseimarinus、丙酸菌属（Propionigenium）、Psychrilyobacter、气单胞菌属（Aeromonas）、油螺旋菌属（Oleispira）和黄单胞菌属（Xanthomonas）为主。超高压处理后，牡蛎肠道菌群的Chao1指数和ACE指数有所提高，而Shannon指数有所下降；葡萄球菌属、气单胞菌属、类香味菌属（Myroides）、肠球菌属（Enterococcus）和气球菌属（Aerococcus）的丰度显著降低；而黄杆菌科（Flavobacteriaceae）和红杆菌科（Rhodobacteraceae）的海洋特色菌属的丰度显著增加，如400 MPa处理后，牡蛎肠道菌群主要由黄杆菌科组成，占比超过70%。此外，超高压处理能有效消除牡蛎肠道中常见腐败菌，如交替假单胞菌属（Pseudoalteromonas）和希瓦氏菌属（Shewanella）。这些结果表明，超高压处理可显著降低牡蛎肠道菌群的数量和多样性，并能有效减少牡蛎肠道中致病微生物菌属的丰度，使菌群结构的安全风险降低。
中文关键词: 超高压 太平洋牡蛎 肠道菌群 16S rRNA测序 非热杀菌
Abstract:To study the effects of ultra-high pressure （UHP）treatment on the gut microbiota of Pacific oysters（Crassostrea gigas），an rRNA sequencing method was used to analyze the effects of 100，200，400 MPa treatments for 5 min on the structure of the oyster gut microbiota，and any correlations between pressure and gut microbiota.The gut microbiota of fresh oysters at the gene level included Vibrio，Mycoplasma，Staphylococcus，Roseimarinus，Propionigenium，Psychrilyobacter，Aeromonas，Oleispira，and Xanthomonas.After UHP treatment，the Chao1 and ACE indices increased，and the Shannon index decreased.The abundance of Staphylococcus，Aeromonas，Myroides，Enterococcus and Aerococcus were significantly reduced after UHP treatment.The abundance of bacteria of marine origin （including Flavobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae）significantly increased，indicating their greater pressure resistance.For example，after exposure to 400 MPa，the oyster gut microbiota was mainly composed of Flavobacteriaceae（>70%）.Common spoilage microorganisms in oyster gut，including Pseudoalteromonas and Shewanella were effectively removed by UHP treatment.In summary，UHP treatment reduced the abundance and diversity of the oyster gut microbiota and effectively removed pathogenic bacteria，reducing the public health risk of exposure to the oyster bacterial community.
keywords: ultra-high pressure（UHP） Crassostrea gigas gut microbiota 16S rRNA sequencing method nonthermal sterilization
文章编号：202110002 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1600703）
| Author Name | Affiliation |
| LIANG Shan-quan，LIU Zhi-hao，WANG Jing-yu，ZHU Chang-liang，MOU Hai-jin | College of Food Science and Engineering，Ocean University of China，Qingdao 266003，Shandong，China |
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