Abstract:Ultrasonic technology was utilized to extract organic acids from Prunus mume.The effects of ultrasonic temperature，ultrasonic time，solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic power on the extraction rate of organic acids were studied.Based the obtained single factor experiment data and by using orthogonal test method，the extraction process for organic acids was optimized.The difference of organic acids contents and aroma components in the extract solution from ultrasonic assisted extraction and ethanol reflux extraction was compared.The results showed that the optimal ultrasonic assisted extraction conditions were as follows：ultrasonic temperature 70℃，ultrasonic time 20 min，solid-liquid ratio 1∶15（g/mL）and ultrasonic power 320 W.Under these conditions，the maximum extraction rate of 35.07%was obtained.The content of eight main organic acids in the extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）.Compared with the ethanol reflux extract，malic acid，citric acid，tartaric acid，lactic acid and acetic acid in the ultrasonic assisted extrat were significantly improved.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC/MS）analysis of the aroma components of the extract indicated that the characteristic aroma components of Prunus mume organic acids were acids.Compared with the ethanol reflux extract，the extraction rate and retention rate of the characteristic aroma compounds in the ultrasonic assisted extrat were significantly increased.