Abstract:Abstract：The pit mud was usually used for strong liquor fermentation in solid-state fermentation method.Microbiology in Zaopei from pit mud played an important role in the formation of flavor liquor，so it is of great important to study the diversity of microbiology in pit mud.For the reason that traditional methods on diversity of microbiology in pit mud were extremely depended on traditional cultural techniques，it was difficult to isolate the microbiology that required strict nutrition and strictly anaerobic environment，so it was difficult to obtain comprehensive information about the microbial diversity in pit mud.It summarized the techniques of phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA），denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）and the second generation sequencing technologies in research of microbial diversity in pit mud and briefly introduces the third generation sequencing technology.