Abstract:Food allergies represent a global public health challenge, where accurate identification and detection of food allergens are critical for safeguarding consumer health. Traditional testing methods, however, are limited by high equipment costs, complex operations, and prolonged processing times, making them inadequate for rapid on-site screening. Microfluidic technology, with its advantages of miniaturization, integration, and low sample consumption, offers a novel approach for real-time detection of food allergens. This review summarizes the research progress of finger-pricking microfluidic systems in high-throughput food allergen detection, focusing on their working principles, design features, detection methods, and multi-channel parallel detection strategies. It also analyzes current technical bottlenecks and challenges, while exploring future trends such as artificial intelligence integration and Internet of Things integration, providing insights for further research and application of rapid on-site food allergen detection technologies.