Abstract:Dietary supplementation with specific active ingredients may be an effective strategy to alleviate cognitive fatigue caused by visual fatigue due to high-intensity eye activity. Therefore，more attention has been paid to effectively preventing the occurrence of visual fatigue and cognitive fatigue and exploring rapid recovery methods in recent years. This review clarified the mechanisms by which visual fatigue contributed to cognitive fatigue，involving energy metabolism，autonomic nervous system，oxidative stress，inflammation，immune system，and endocrine function alterations. Additionally，this review highlighted the potential of natural plant extracts，including ginseng，wolfberry，blueberry，green tea，and citrus，to alleviate visual fatigue and cognitive fatigue.