Abstract:In order to determine the optimal extraction process of polysaccharides from Prunus cerasifera，the influence of hot water extraction method，enzymolysis extraction method，and ultrasound-assisted extraction method on polysaccharide extraction rate were compared，and the microstructures of pure polysaccharides from Prunus cerasifera（PCPPs）obtained by different extraction methods were observed with scanning electron microscope（SEM）.Orthogonal experiment determined the compound enzyme mass ratio，and on this basis，single factor experiments，orthogonal experiments，and compound enzyme methods were combined to optimize the extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Prunus cerasifera（PCCPs）as follows：cellulase dosage of 2.0%，pectase dosage of 2.5%，material-to-liquid ratio of 1∶35（g/mL），enzymatic hydrolysis time of 2.0 h，and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃. With cultivated purple fruits and red fruits，as well as wild purple fruits and red fruits as raw materials，the monosaccharide composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）after purification，hydrolysis，and derivatization of the PCCPs obtained by the optimal extraction process.The results showed that four polysaccharides from Prunus cerasifera all consisted of six monosaccharides，including mannose，glucuronic acid，rhamnose，glucose，galactose，and arabinose，but the content of these monosaccharides was significantly different（P＜0.05）. The results of in vitro antioxidant experiments showed that the four polysaccharides had certain antioxidant activity，among which polysaccharides from cultivated purple fruits showed the strongest antioxidant activity，with the half inhibitory concentration value（IC50）for DPPH and ABTS+radical scavenging of 0.04 mg/mL and 0.21 mg/mL，respectively.