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食品研究与开发:2022,43(5):78-83
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不同干燥工艺对高RA型甜叶菊糖苷含量的影响
(1.四川农业大学农学院,四川 成都 611130;2.西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所,西藏 拉萨 850032)
Effect of Different Drying Processes on Glycoside Contents of High RA-type Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni
(1.Agronomy College,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;2.Institute of Vegetable,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850032,Tibet,China)
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投稿时间:2021-08-23    
中文摘要: 为提高甜叶菊加工效率,提升甜叶菊糖苷品质,采用45、60、80、100℃温度梯度,按杀青和未杀青,以及未杀青25℃阴干处理对大田种植采收的高莱鲍迪苷A(rebaudioside A,RA)型甜叶菊GP品系的蕾期叶片进行干燥,利用高效液相色谱测定其糖苷含量,研究干燥工艺对甜叶菊糖苷含量的影响。结果表明,阴干处理至恒重时间为48 h,明显长于其他干燥处理至恒重时间。但在阴干条件下GP叶片RA含量为11.37%,为所有干燥工艺中含量最高。其次为未杀青45℃干燥,RA含量为10.53%。而未杀青60℃烘干条件下,RA型甜叶菊叶片中RA含量与甜菊苷(stevioside,ST)含量比值(RA/ST)最高,减少了后苦味。因此直接食用可采用未杀青60℃烘干方式。作为RA提取原料,则采收后直接薄摊阴干或晒干,如大面积种植或遇阴雨季节或天气,宜采用未杀青45℃干燥。此外,该品系莱鲍迪苷D(rebaudioside D,RD)含量以未杀青100℃处理最高,且明显高于其他干燥处理RD含量,因此RD类型甜叶菊叶片干燥则应以未杀青100℃处理为宜。
Abstract:To improve the processing efficiency of Stevia rebaudiana and stevia glycoside quality,the leaves of the GP strain of high rebaudioside A(RA)-type S.rebaudiana collected from the field were dried at 45,60,80 ℃and 100℃,with de-enzymed,non-de-enzymed,and non-de-enzymed shade-dried treatments.Afterward,their glycoside contents were determined using high performance liquid chromatography,to investigate the effects of drying process on stevia glycoside contents.According to the results,drying duration in the shade required to achieve constant weight was 48 h,which was significantly longer than that for the other drying treatments.RA glycoside content in GP strain leaves under the shade drying condition was 11.37%,which was the highest among all treatments,followed by that of the non-de-enzymed group dried at 45℃,at 10.53%.The ratio of RA glycoside content to stevioside(ST)glycoside content was the highest in the leaves of RA type stevia,which reduced the delayed bitterness following heating of the non-de-enzymed group at 60℃.According to the results,for edibles,the use of non-de-enzymed samples dried at 60 ℃ was recommended.Furthermore,the raw material for RA glycoside extraction should be spread thinly in the shade or dried under sunlight after harvesting.If planted over large areas or in rainy weather,the non-de-enzymed raw materials should be dried at 45 ℃.In addition,rebaudioside D(RD)glycoside contents were the highest under the 100 ℃temperature,which was also significantly higher than those under the other drying treatments.Consequently,drying of the leavesof the RD-type S.rebaudiana should be conducted using non-de-enzymed samplesat 100℃.
文章编号:202205012     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31671757);四川省中医药重点学科建设项目(2021-16-4)
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