Abstract:The simple and efficient quality detection method of near infrared spectroscopy provides effective comprehensive detection in oil crops.This paper summarized research on near infrared（NIR）detection technology in oil crop production.The principles and characteristics of NIR spectroscopy technology were briefly described.The application of near infrared spectroscopy in seed quality identification，origin tracing，fatty acid，erucic acid，and other ingredient analyses within oil crops were presented in detail.The paper discussed the prospects and development trends of near-infrared spectroscopy in rapid detection and application in oil crops.Key words：near infrared spectroscopy（NIRS）；oil crops；fatty acid；origin tracing；seed quality