Abstract:A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based method was established to monitor the biomass of bacteria，fungi，Lactobacillus acetotolerans，Bacillus and yeast produced during the Fenjiu fermentation process，including Dacha fermentation and Ercha fermentation，on 0，7，15 d and 28 d.Lactobacillus acetotolerans and total fungi were the primary microbes produced during fermentation and constitute up to 80% of the total microbial population.Similar succession rules of core microbes were observed in the Fenjiu fermentation process.The biomass of bacteria，L.acetotolerans and Bacillus produced during Dacha fermentation was higher than that produced during Ercha fermentation.The biomass of total bacteria，L.acetotolerans and Bacillus increased rapidly in the Dacha fermentation process and reached the maximum on 28，7 d and 15 d，respectively（5.53 ×1016，1.40×1013and 1.21×106copies/g fermented grain DNA，respectively）.However，the biomass decreased significantly in the Ercha fermentation process after 15 d.The biomass of total fungi and Saccharomyces was similar between the Dacha and Ercha fermentation processes during 0-7 d，following which it showed a rapid growth trend and reached the maximum at 28 d of Dacha（1.07×1015and 1.56×1014copies/g fermented grain DNA，respectively）.In the Ercha fermentation process，the biomass of total fungi and Saccharomyces reached the maximum value on 7 d（3.03 × 1014and 1.43 × 1014copies/g fermented grain DNA，respectively）.