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食品研究与开发:2020,41(16):14-21
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谷子萌芽期营养品质变化及氨基酸组分评价
(山西农业大学(山西省农业科学院)经济作物研究所,山西汾阳032200)
Changes in Nutrient Quality and Amino Acid Composition during Germination of Foxtail Millet
(Institute of Economic Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University(Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences),Fenyang 032200,Shanxi,China)
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投稿时间:2020-04-01    
中文摘要: 通过对萌芽期谷子营养成分变化的分析,进而改善谷子的食用品质,以期提高谷子的营养价值。以萌芽全谷和萌芽小米为研究对象,全面探究萌芽对谷子和小米中淀粉理化特性、营养物质(蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、矿物质、维生素等)的变化,评价萌芽对其食用品质的影响。结果表明:萌芽后的谷子和小米的淀粉含量均升高,黏度处理均表现出“高崩解值,低回生值”的趋势;萌芽后的谷子和小米的蛋白质和脂肪含量均下降,而游离氨基酸含量变化不一,通过模糊识别法、氨基酸比值系数等方法对氨基酸组分进行评价,得出萌芽后的谷子和小米的氨基酸含量更加丰富,且与联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization,FAO/WHO)提出的标准模式更加相近;萌芽全谷中主要矿物质和维生素含量总体呈现上升趋势;萌芽小米中钙、锌、VB1和β-胡萝卜素有所增加,而铁、硒、VB2和VE有所减少。萌芽全谷和萌芽小米的营养成分均发生不同程度的变化,可为萌芽谷子和萌芽小米地深入研究提供理论参考依据,也为全谷物营养+、萌芽谷子和小米主食化、深加工产品研发奠定良好基础。
中文关键词: 谷子  小米  萌芽  营养品质  氨基酸组分
Abstract:Analyze the nutritional components in the germination stage of foxtail millet,so as to improve the edible quality of foxtail millet,thereby improving the nutritional value of foxtail millet.The germinated foxtail millet and millet were used as research objects.Comprehensive analysis of foxtail millet and millet starch physical and chemical characteristics and changes in nutritional components during germination,included protein,amino acids,fats,minerals,vitamins,etc.These indicators were used to evaluate the effect of germination on millet edible quality.The results showed that the starch content of foxtail millet and millet increased after germination,and their viscosity treatments showed a tendency of“high disintegration value and low regeneration value”.After germination,the protein and fat content in foxtail millet and millet both decreased,but the changes in the content of free amino acids were different.We found that germinated foxtail millet and millet had more amino acids and were more similar to the standard model proposed by Food and Agriculture Drganization of the United Nations/World Health Organization(FAO/WHO).After evaluating the amino acid composition used methods such as fuzzy recognition and amino acid ratio coefficients.After germination,most of the main minerals and vitamins in foxtail millet were increased.At the same time,the content of calcium,zinc,VB1 and β-carotene in foxtail millet increased,but the content of iron,selenium,VB2 and VEdecreased.The nutritional composition of those germinated foxtail millet and millet had changed,the results could provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of germinated foxtail millet and millet.At the same time,it could also lay a good foundation for whole grain nutrition+,the staple food of sprouted foxtail millet and millet,and the development of deep-processed products.
文章编号:202016003     中图分类号:    文献标志码:
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1001003-2);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-B9)
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