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投稿时间:2019-03-13
投稿时间:2019-03-13
中文摘要: 主要研究两种脱水工艺[提高脱水温度(105、115、125、135 ℃)和高加水延长脱水时间(205、240、290、330 s)]对半干面保质期及品质特性(蒸煮、质构、色泽、热力学特性)的影响。通过测定含菌量变化、蒸煮、质构特性、颜色和热力学特征指标,研究不同脱水工艺对保质期的影响,并优化最佳工艺。结果表明:提高脱水温度(105 ℃至135 ℃)可以显著(P<0.05)降低半干面初始霉菌酵母数及嗜热菌数,而延长脱水时间(205 s 至330 s)可使半干面初始菌落总数降低1.57 lgCFU/g;125 ℃脱水和290 s 脱水可以使半干面保质期分别延长20 d 和30 d。其次,研究了上述两种脱水工艺对半干面的蒸煮、质构、颜色及热力学特性的影响。结果表明提高脱水温度会增大半干面的蒸煮损失、硬度、L*值,降低ΔH,而延长脱水时间则增大半干面的吸水率、Tp 和Tc,降低L*值。扫描电镜结果显示两种脱水工艺均会不同程度地破坏半干面的微观结构。综合考虑,290 s 脱水处理的半干面各指标较好。
Abstract:Effect of two dehydration technology [improving drying temperature (105,115,125,135 ℃)and extending drying time (205,240,290,330 s) by increasing water addition]on the storage and quality characteristics(cooking,texture,color and thermodynamic characteristics)of semi-dried noodles were studied.According to the bacteria content,cooking,texture and thermodynamic characteristics index,the shelf-life of semi-dried noodles after two dehydration technology was investigated.The best optimization technology was also established.The results indicated that improving drying temperature(105 ℃ to 135 ℃)could significantly(P<0.05)decrease initial yeast and molds and thermophilic bacteria content,but extending drying time(205 s to 330 s)could reduce 1.57 lgCFU/g of initial total plate count.By 125 ℃ drying temperature and 290 s drying time,storage of semi-dried noodles could prolong 20 d and 30 d respectively.Next,cooking,texture,color and thermodynamic characteristics of semi-dried noodles after above two dehydration technology were studied.The results showed that improving drying temperature would prominently increase semi-dried noodles'cooking loss,hardness and L*and ΔH,but extending drying time would increase semi-dried noodles' water absorption,Tp and Tc and decrease L*.The results of SEM showed that two dehydration technology would inordinately broke microstructure of semi-dried noodles.In comprehensive conclusion,semi-dried noodles with 290 s drying time had better index
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