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投稿时间：2019-01-05
投稿时间：2019-01-05
中文摘要: 为探索鲜食水稻开发与应用，采用不同生长时期鲜食水稻的叶片、茎、壳、籽粒为原料，研究其水溶性膳食纤维（soluble dietary fiber，SDF）的理化结构特性和抗氧化活性，以拓展水稻深加工和营养利用前景。结果表明：乳熟中期的鲜食水稻茎、叶、壳、籽粒中的SDF 含量均显著高于相同部位的其他各成熟时期（p＜0.05），随着生长时间的延长则SDF 含量逐渐降低，乳熟中期茎SDF 含量最高为3.40%，成熟期籽粒最低为0.50%。成熟期壳中的鲜食水稻SDF 持水力最达到3.54 g/g，成熟期茎中SDF 持油力为1.98 g/g，乳熟中期叶片中SDF 结合水力最强且显著高于籽粒，成熟期茎中SDF 膨胀力为2.28 mL/g。鲜食水稻叶片SDF 的阳离子交换能力最强。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明，鲜食水稻SDF 缔合的氢键较多，且多处出现糖类特征峰。体外抗氧化活性测定结果显示，鲜食水稻叶片和茎清除自由基能力较强，籽粒较弱，鲜食水稻叶片总抗氧化能力最强为1.87 U/mg，籽粒总抗氧化最弱为籽粒为0.52 U/mg。
Abstract:The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of soluble dietary fiber（SDF）in fresh rice were determined by using leaves，stems，shells and grains of fresh rice at various growth stages，respectively.The results showed that the SDF contents in stem，leaf，shell and seed in middle -mature stage were significantly higher than those of the same parts，respectively，and those SDF contents in shell was the highest to 3.40%and the lowest one was located in seed of the mature-mature rice to 0.50%.Water holding capacity of SDF from the rice shell part in the mature-stage could reach to 3.54 g/g，oil holding capacity of SDF from the stem part in the same stage was 1.98 g/g.SDF from the leaf at the middle-mature rice indicated the highest water holding capacity and significantly higher than that of the seed part，and the expansibility of SDF from the stem at mature-stage could reach to 2.28 mL/g.SDF from the leaf part indicated the highest strongest cation exchange capacity among all the fresh rice parts.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）analysis showed that there were too much hydrogen bonds on the fresh rice SDF and characteristic peaks of carbohydrates.In vitro antioxidant activity assay showed that the SDFs in leave and stem parts had strong free radical scavenging abilities.And those in leaf part indicated stronger total antioxidant capacity，while the SDFs in seed part had a weakest capacity，which the data could reach 1.87 U/mg and 0.52 U/mg，respectively.
keywords: fresh rice mature stage soluble dietary fiber physicochemical property antioxidant activity
文章编号：202001007 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:黑龙江省高校“农产品质量与安全”科技创新团队项目（2014TD006）；黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系项目（黑农委体系（水稻）[2017]1 号）
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