Abstract:Organophosphorus pesticide residues in food enter the human body,which can endanger the central nervous system and cause acute toxic symptoms or chronic cumulative effects.Therefore，the detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues are imminent.The research progress of quantum dots in the detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues at home and abroad was reviewed.The construction of quantum dot-based fluorescence sensing system and its application in the detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues were introduced.At the same time，the applications of quantum dots linked molecular imprinting,electrochemistry，aptamer，enzyme technology and the carbon quantum dots were summarized to provide a new idea for the rapid detection of pesticide residues.